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A Genoese Crimean

The Genoese dominated for a long time, over the Mediterranean, the Black Sea


From the second half of the thirteenth century, the Genoese began to colonize the eastern Mediterranean Sea black. Genoa is not actually in his first experience of colonization. In fact, since the beginning of the twelfth century, the Crusades in the wake of the troops had formed small communities in the main ports of the Ligurian region Sirius-Palestinian conflict. It 's just a century later, however, that the territorial EMPLOYMENT become significant. Small communities are established all around the Black Sea city such as coffee, Pera and Chios know a dramatic development, shall be in place later walled and enliven the regional economic life, resist the assaults of the Greeks and the Mongols, not two centuries later that fall into the hands of the Ottomans, superior in number, ships and firepower. These experiences of colonization have a broad scope: they are in fact the medieval antecedents of modern colonization. The shores of the Crimea
colonized the edge of the Mongol world, are economically very important for the Genoese. They see the products arrive at their ports of the Far East, silk and spices, much sought after in the western world. The Genoese merchants, in turn, brought clothes and linens, wine, toys and other products that came to the heart of Asia.
E 'in this environment that comes Luca Tarigo , coffee, current Feodosiya. In 1347, after a ship armed with light and bold as the rowers have hired him, sailed the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov and entered the River Don. Advancing against the current, reached a point where the Don is close to the Volga, and there delivered the vessel to land with the help of his men, launched in the Volga, and sailed south. He entered the Caspian Sea, Tarigo sacked all merchant ships which met from a port to another, and after greatly enriched with the booty he did, he sailed back against the current. Since then passed again in the Volga-Don and quietly went back to Tana. But the Kalmyks, nomadic population in the area, attacked him and carried off the booty. With the best part of the prey, that he had hidden, he could then reach Tarigo Tana and from there, coffee. The astonishment of fellow was so great that they, in memory of an ever so bold, in the current operation in the annals of Tarigo public.

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Today I describe one of the greatest explorers of people ever existed, and its exponents

navigotori The Phoenicians and Carthaginians (who Phoenicians were ever) touched the corners of the world for nearly 2000 years were completely ignored. Came out to discover the Portuguese 'Africa and the ways of the' Asia because, first Roman and then Byzantine, forgot (or ignored?) Completely territories explored by the intrepid Phoenicians.
In fact, even though it uses the term "Phoenician" is not possible to identify a civilization itself is distinguished by a unitary character. In fact, both environmental and political causes, the cities of Phoenicia (today 's about Lebanon) have never been able (nor want) to come together to form one entity. Thus lack of a unified consciousness, and only foreigners using a common name for all cities in Syro-Palestinian coast. This nation was formed by skilled navigators, who were able to dictate the law of the sea for most of the first millennium BC, thanks to their impressive fleet of warships and commercial. The causes that made these getni coastal east of the ablest of their time (and beyond), the sea, are to be found both nell'esiguità of their territory (as in some future case of Portugal) and in continuous raids in devastation and heavy taxation of taxes that were imposed by the rulers of the Mesopotamian city-state. Their home was also free of mineral resources that they sought and found in more distant lands. I Phoenicians were also great traders and their ability to associate this with the ever-constant search for new ways of outlet for their trade (from this point of view more like the Venetians). However I will not elaborate further in the 'historical-political aspect of this people, but will pass to the main theme of the blog: exploration.
Their first and biggest undertaking was in 600 BC. Under the reign of Wahemibra Nekau, sixth ruler of the Egyptian Dynasty XXVI. Neco, who planned to unite the Nile with the Red Sea, thus creating a passage between two seas, availed himself of Phoenician seamen to make the circumnavigation of Africa. Herodotus tells that the expedition, which started from the Red Sea, sailed in the Southern Ocean, ie the Indian Ocean, stopping every time he came to earth to plant and wait for the autumn harvest, after which they resumed their journey. They spent two years as well, and surfers in the third, through the columns of Hercules, they returned back to Egypt in the Mediterranean and telling incredible things like that at a certain point of sailing, the sun rose on their right. News that this seems to confirm the reality of the trip because the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope and up north, they had to actually have their right to the east, which until then had left. This for time, and the means of 'era, virtually unthinkable. A bit like saying that at the beginning of the century 'man, rather than begin the first flights on biplanes, had arrived on Mars.
In 480 BC Hanno, sailed along the coast of northwestern Africa, reaching perhaps head Palmas (Bay of Guinea). Imilcone , in 450 BC, was not less, in fact. Explored In fact, the southwest coast of Europe starting from Cadiz, Spain, and going north, until they touch the coasts of Britain and Ireland.

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2000 years in advance of Henry the Navigator

Let me start with the 'deal of a character unknown seeds in Italy, but a national hero in Portugal.


O Infante Dom Henrique, Duque de Viseu, was a key figure, the so-called "period we discoveries." Fifth son of John I and r (founder of the Aviz Dynasty) and Donna Philippa of Lancaster (daughter of the king of England), naccue in Oporto in 1394. Just twenty
convinced his father to engage in the conquest of Ceuta (European territory on still), the city finally fell in August of 1415, the same year it was dubbed a knight, and Duke of Avis. In 1416 he sent Gonzalo Velho to explore the west coast of Africa and on his return appointed Alfonso Baldaya to try again on another journey along the west coast of Africa. now set up a naval school at Sagres in the Algarve in order to train commanders and crews for the Portuguese maritime exploration companies. The city experienced rapid growth as a technological center of excellence of the time in navigation, cartography, also had a good observation, and a full arsenal. goals that Henry intended to pursue were mainly two: the detection of African lands lying south of the Canary Islands (which had been anticipated by the English conquest) and the search for a route to India (retention time place of enormous wealth) across the Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean. His first success was, in 1420 , the discovery of Madeira by John Gonzales Zarco and Tristan Vaz Teyeira. The same year Henry was appointed Grand Master of the 'Order of Christ ( Portuguese succesor of the famous order of Knights Templar) , a position he will throughout his life. The bottom of the 'non-pco order served to finance the oceanic explorations. In 1427, her other emissaries who discovered the Azores, as well as Madeirea, and were soon facilmete (as uninhabited) colonized. Under his reign was the crucial step, by Gil Anes, Cape Bojador, the attainment of Cape Blanc, the discovery of Cape Verde, and that the mouth of the Senegal. At his death in 1460, the Portuguese had already learned about the sea up to 'current Siera Leone. Paradoxically Henry known to history as navigore, sailed in reality very little. In fact, in forty years in which he conducted the Portuguese colonization, planned everything in first person but rarely took part in expeditions, preferring to develop knowledge of routes and areas to be explored through research and studies mapping

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Introduction

Oceans unknown and infinite, the rainforest and malaria, all the peaks' appearance iragiungibili, the wastelands, the deserts, skies.
We Europeans have explored the 'unfathomable. We are going into every corner of the world, even the most remote.
Italian, French, English, Portuguese, English, German.
All the peoples of Europe have had their scouts, more or less famous, more or less important.
Brave, proud, smart, tenacious, curious, cruel, arrogant, dreamers.
esplortore Each is a world where, c 'is if those who moved for glory, some for money, for those who thirst for knowledge, some for humanitarian spirit, who to prove something to himself and the world.
But everyone was moved by the hope of finding something important, you can see made his expedition, to return home a hero, a winner.

This is their story

Good reading